Abstract

Alisher Navoi, touching on the theme of the perfect man, exaggerates and interprets the concepts of the state and spirituality in detail, comparing the symbols of the dervish and the ruler. These two concepts were considered in eastern philosophy as incompatible dimensions. But from the point of view of Navoi, they must be mutually agreed and supported by each other. Just as divinity and materialism, the world and the afterlife are interconnected, spirituality and state are inseparable. State becomes richer, stronger, closer to people, if it goes to spirituality. Spiritual education is necessary for both the ordinary citizen and the head of the country. That is, regardless of whether a person is the owner of the property or a king or ruler, if he accepts the faith of a dervish, he can achieve perfection and become closer to God.
The work “Tarihi muluki Ajam” of Navoi gives an ideal picture of the ideal ruler who has achieved such perfection (dervishism and rule), which he dreamed of seeing.
By writing “Tarihi muluki Ajam” with religious, philosophical, socio-political, and moral-educational content, the author was the first to create an independent historical, literary, and prosaic work depicting the image of rulers in the Uzbek language.
Navoi covers the history of the kings of ancient Iran and calls on the rulers to follow the example of past kings. Such an ideological goal was also put forward in the epic “Hayrat ul-Abror”, “Farhod va Shirin”, “Sab’ai sayyor”, “Saddi Iskandari” which were created before this work. But in these works, writer, whose historical goals were described as an artistically conceived image, had a harmonious image to his dreams, goals. In the work “Tarihi muluki Ajam”, artistic heroes in “Hamsa” appear before our eyes as a historical person or ruler. Their position in society and their original way of life are described by the author in simple and understandable language.
The ideal ruler in the writer's dreams is often portrayed in the person of Shah Gazi or Iskandar (Alexander the Great). One of the artistic incarnations of the Timurid rulers, Husayn Boyqaro in the poetry of Navoi imagined as Shah Gazi. In this regard, we consider it appropriate to dwell more on the personality of Husayn Boyqaro.