Abstract

Introduction: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a protean syndrome of varied severity. It is characterized by a rapid (hours to weeks) decline in the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and retention of nitrogenous waste products such as blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine.1,2 The RIFLE criteria, proposed by the Acute Dialysis Quality Initiative (ADQI) group, aid in the staging of patients with AKI.
Materials and methods: A prospective study was conducted at the Shaheed Nirmal Mahato Medical College (SNMMCH), Dhanbad from January 2021 to December 2021 (1 year). Type  2 diabetic  patients  30  years  or  above,  irrespective  of gender, diagnosed to have acute kidney injury using KDIGO criteria, admitted to ICU or wards under the Shaheed Nirmal Mahato Medical College (SNMMCH), Dhanbad were included. Patients with preexisting renal disease and those who received renal transplantation. Type 2 diabetic patients  admitted  in  the  ICU  and wards under Shaheed Nirmal Mahato Medical College (SNMMCH), Dhanbad were evaluated  in  detail  after  taking  prior  consent. Evaluation includes detailed history taking and physical examination. Acute kidney injury will  be  assessed  on  the basis  of  their  serum  creatinine  and/or  urine output fulfilling the KDIGO criteria.
 
Results: The study  was  conducted  in  a  total  of  75  diabetic  patients who developed acute kidney injury. There were 47 males and 28 females. The aetiology and outcome of acute kidney injury in the above patients were found out. Blood urea, serum creatinine, serum electrolytes, fasting and post-prandial blood sugar, WBC count, platelet count and haemoglobin were included as the baseline parameters.
Conclusion: Infection  was  the  most  common  cause  of  AKI  in  Type  2diabetes patients  in  our  study. Among  drug  induced  renal  failure  patients, NSAIDS  were noted  to  be  most  common  cause. Age >60 and male gender were prevalent in the majority of AKI patients. About 52.66% of the total patients recovered to normal renal function, 13.3% recovered partially, with 14% of the total patients progressed for maintenance hemodialysis. Crude mortality rate among patients with AKI in the study group was 20%.