Study of cardiac co-morbidities in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with help of 2D echocardiography
European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine,
2022, Volume 9, Issue 6, Pages 874-880
Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder distinguished by chronic hyperglycaemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs)-majorly coronary artery disease (CAD), heart failure (HF), and stroke are the major cause of death and disability in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The aim of the study was to asses cardiac co-morbidities in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus with the help of echocardiography at a tertiary hospital.Material and Methods: Present study was single-center, cross-sectional, observational study conducted in newly diagnosed patients of type 2 diabetes mellites (diagnosed in last 3 months), clinically asymptomatic, blood pressure <130/80mmHg, with normal ECG, underwent, conventional 2 D echocardiography.
Results: In present study, 60 asymptomatic type 2 diabetes mellitus patients underwent 2-D echocardiography, majority were male (73.33 %) as compared to females (26.67 %). Most common age group was 41-50 years and 51-60 years (26.66 % each), followed by 31-40 years (21.67 %). On 2-D echocardiography, diastolic dysfunction was noted in 10 patients (16.67 %). Grade I, II and III diastolic dysfunction was noted in 10 %, 5 % and 1.67 % patients respectively. Reduced early mitral inflow velocity was noted in 7 cases (11.67 %) and mitral annular early diastolic velocity was noted in 11 cases (18.33 %). As HbA1c increases, severity of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction increases, difference was statistically significant. We noted a statistically significant difference in values of age (years), BMI (kg/m2), FBS (mg/dl), PPBS (mg/dl) and HbA1c (%) between patients with LVDD and patients without LVDD. Conclusion: 2D Echo is recommended for screening for cardiovascular abnormalities in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes melites patients to prevent further progression to symptomatic cardiovascular abnormalities.
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