Abstract

Introduction: Effective eliminating the microorganisms from the root canal system is
the utmost objective which determines the intensity of the post-operative pain and
swelling. So, the aim of this study is that to evaluate the efficacy of water-based calcium
hydroxide, iodoform based calcium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide with chitosan as
vehicle and calcium hydroxide points as an intracanal medicament in reducing the postoperative
pain and swelling.
Materials and Methodology: This prospective study included two hundred patients
requiring root canal treatment on maxillary or mandibular anteriors, mandibular first
and second premolars were comprised totally. After clinical examination and
radiographic examination, patients were randomly assigned to five groups. Each group
had sample size (n= 40) depending upon intracanal medicament used as follows: Group
1: Calcium hydroxide paste (Ivoclar) Group 2: Calcium hydroxide paste with iodoform
(Metapex) Group 3: Calcium hydroxide points (Hygienic) Group 4: Calcium hydroxide
paste using chitosan (0.2%) as vehicle and Group 5: Control group containing dry
sterile cotton. The tooth that requires root canal treatment were anesthetised using
1.8ml, 2% lignocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine.
Results: The present study results show that the application of calcium hydroxide with
propylene glycol based paste (Group 1) in root canal greatly reduces the post operative
pain after 12, 24 and 48 hour post-operative which is better in comparison to other
groups. The post operative pain was recorded least with (Group 3) calcium hydroxide
points and maximum in (Group 5) control group at 6 hour post-operatively. When
observed after 12 hours, the post-operative pain was recorded minimum with Group1
followed by Group 3 and maximum in Group 5 that is the control group.