European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Abstract

Background: The term oral leukoplakia is defined as white plaques of debatable risk, diagnosed when other known diseases or disorders that bring no risk for oral cancer have been omitted. It has a malignant transformation rate of around 0.13%-34% whether it is measured as a premalignant lesion.
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the demographic occurrence and malignant transformation of oral leukoplakia in the diagnosis of OSCC in an Indian sample.
Material and method: The study included gender, age, site of the lesion, clinical presence and histopathological analysis of 156 subjects. SPSS software is used for statistical calculation. For data analysis calculation of percentages, Shapiro-Wilk test and Chi-square test is used.
Result: This study was conducted on a total of 156 patients with oral leukoplakia. In which 142 subjects were found affected with oral leukoplakia and only 14 subjects were found affected with other premalignant disorders. However, male subjects of oral leukoplakia were 59.15% and female subjects were less in number only 40.85%. A total number of 81patients were found in the age range 40-50 years. Male patients had acquired 55.56% while female patient’s attained 44.44%. The histopathological examination stated that out of 142 oral leukoplakia cases, 39.44% were existent with malignant transformation and the P-value was 0.0185, which was found to be statistically weighty.
Conclusion: Half of OSCCs are one way or another linked with or originated by oral leukoplakia. So biopsy of chronic lesions especially male patients (because of the higher risk to develop dysplastic changes) is recommended to check dysplastic alterations within the lesion and should be advised to leave the adversarial habit.