Abstract

Background:NFGNB are innately resistant to many antibiotics and have been documented
to produce extended spectrum β-lactamases and metallo-β-lactamases. MDR is common
and increasing among Non-fermenters. There are few studies from India that provide
identification and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of NFGNB. Therefore, we conducted
this study to isolate and identify NFGNB, determine the antimicrobial susceptibility profile
of isolates and estimate prevalence of multidrug resistance in NFGNB from urinary
samples.
Material and methods: A total of 8362urine samples were collected from all clinical areas
of Sri Guru Ram Das CharitableHospital. These samples were inoculated on Blood and
MacConkey agar and incubated at 37ͦC for 24 hours. NFGNB were identified by various
conventional methods of identification and also by VITEK -2 system.NFGNB were
subjected to Antimicrobial Susceptibility testing (AST) by Kirby- Bauer diffusion method
and also by VITEK-2 system.The results were interpreted as per Clinical and Laboratory
standards institute (CLSI) guidelines.
Results:Out of a total 8362 samples, 2002 (23.9%) were culture positive. Among culture
positive samples, fermenters were 1637/2002 (81.7%), non-fermenters 201/2002 (10.0%),
gram positive cocci 109/2002 (5.4%) and Candida 55/2002 (2.7%). A total of
134/201(66.6%) of NFGNB isolated were MDR (resistant to at least one of the antibiotics
in three or more than three classes of antibiotics) in our study.
Conclusion:Treatment of infections caused by these MDR non-fermenting gram- negative
bacilli is challenging due to intrinsic and acquired resistance to commonly used antibiotics.
So, early and accurate identification of pathogen and appropriate antibiotic therapy is
mandatory