European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Abstract

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with a complex array of cutaneous
manifestations caused either by the disease or by treatment. Cutaneous manifestations in chronic kidney
disease are polymorphic and diverse. Most patients with severe CKD progress to end stage renal disease
(ESRD) with significant morbidity and mortality. The Aim of our study was to evaluate the prevalence
and pattern of cutaneous disorders among patients with chronic kidney disease.
Materials and Methods: One hundred patients of chronic kidney disease above the age of 18 years with
dermatological manifestation were enrolled in the study. A detailed physical examination and
dermatological examination was done and findings recorded. Relevant investigations including complete
haemogram, diabetic profile, ANA, renal function tests, Liver function tests, electrolytes, viral markers,
serum calcium, phosphorous and PTH (parathormone) levels, KOH mount, culture & sensitivity, woods
lamp examination, biopsy was done if indicated.
Results: In our study we included 100 patients of CKD with cutaneous manifestations. The most
common cause of CKD in our study was found to be diabetic nephropathy which was seen in 47% (n=47)
patients. Pruritus was the most common dermatological manifestation seen in 73% (n=73) of the total
study population followed by xerosis in 68% (n=68). More than 50% of the study population had more
than one dermatological manifestations. Nail and hair changes was seen in 43% and 58% respectively.
Conclusion: Patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD) may present with variety of skin abnormalities
and the most common being pruritus and xerosis as seen in our study. An inter-disciplinary approach
involving dermatologists and nephrologists is essential to improve the quality of life of patients with
ESRD.