European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Aim: To measure various dimensions of ligamentum arteriosum as well as observe postnatal anatomical changes of ligamentum arteriosum and discuss clinical significance of it.
Methods: 35 heart specimens were studied in Department of Anatomy of Akash medical college. Different shapes as well as length and width of ligamentum arteriosum was measured. Ligamentum arteriosum, aortic arch and pulmonary trunk were incised and looked for ridges, dimples, calcification and atherosclerotic patch. Histological examination of ligamentum arteriosum was also studied in 2 specimens.
Results: cylindrical shape was observed in all specimens of ligamentum arteriosum. The average length and width was measured as 12.02mm and 3.73mm respectively. Ligamentum arteriosum was found to be obliterated in 7 specimens whereas calcified in 3 specimens. Dimples and atherosclerotic patch was observed in luminal surface of pulmonary trunk and aorta respectively. Ligamentum arteriosum was presented as muscular artery in microscopic examination.
Conclusion: ligamentum arteriosum is clinically important structure. Details about its characteristics and clinical co relations may be helpful to the clinicians.

Aim: The aim of this knowledge, attitude, practice (KAP) survey was to study the level of awareness among postgraduates and undergraduates, the current status of KAP survey is towards the incidence of pulp stones in mandibular molars.
Introduction: Pulp stones are foci of calcification in the pulp of the tooth. Calcification can occur in the dental pulp as discrete calcified stones or in a diffuse form that can occur freely in the pulp tissue or attached to or embedded into dentin. Depending on their microscopic structures, pulp stones have been classified into true or false form.
Materials and Method: This survey is a cross - sectional questionnaire based study, which was conducted in Saveetha Dental College among postgraduates and undergraduates. Ethical approval was given by the Institutional ethical committee. Predesigned validated questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice on incidence of pulp stones in mandibular molars. The questionnaire consisting of 10 questions was formulated and were circulated through an online forum. The sample size was 100 People. The results were tabulated in the excel sheet and imported to SPSS software. The statistical test used was the Chi square testResult: The results show that more than two-third (85%) of the respondents were aware about the types of pulp stones and the association was statistically not significant (p>0.05); 73% of respondents tend to remove the pulp stone even after finding canals and the association was statistically significant (p<0.05). Hence proving that pulp stone are removed even after finding a canal.
Conclusion: Within the limitations of the study, knowledge, attitude and practice among postgraduates was higher when compared to undergraduates. Among undergraduates the knowledge in regard to pulp stone was higher when compared to attitude and practice.