European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Understanding the etiology and pathogenesis of periodontal diseases and their chronic, inflammatory and infectious nature necessitates recognizing the possibility that these infections may have effects somewhere in the body. The concept that oral diseases and systemic diseases influence each other goes back to the theory of “focal infection”. In 1891, Miller published his theory regarding focal infection in which he indicated that microorganisms and their products are able to access parts of the body that are adjacent to or distant from the mouth. The proponents of this concept assume that microorganisms present in dental plaque and their metabolic products may enter the bloodstream, thereby causing many systemic diseases and sometimes resulting in degenerative conditions. Associations have been reported between periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease (CVD), stroke, diabetes, preterm low birth-weight babies, respiratory infections and rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Both periodontitis and osteoporosis represent major health problems, with increased incidence and severity with advancing age, all over the world. Osteoporosis, though not being the initial cause of periodontitis, has been shown to be risk indicator that may contribute to the progression of periodontal disease. Some interventions that improve systemic BMD also improve measures of periodontal disease. Improvement of the two conditions by the same therapies suggests an underlying connection.
The three classes of therapy that have been implicated in this regard are
1)          Hormone replacement therapy (HRT)
2)          Diet supplementation with calcium and vitamin D
3)          Bisphosphonates
A bone mineral density (BMD) test is used to measure an individual’s bone mass. BMD is measured using a DEXA scan. Most common cause is involutional bone loss in postmenopausal age group. Osteoporosis may be a primary disorder or secondary to other diseases or conditions. Primary osteoporosis includes idiopathic and involutional form. Idiopathic forms of osteoporosis are rare and affect men and women equally. Involutional osteoporosis includes two patterns type I (postmenopausal) and type II (age related) osteoporosis.
The present study was designed to assess and correlate bone mineral density and periodontitis among post-menopausal women

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is related to poor oral health, including gingival and periodontal diseases. Poor oral health in CKD patients is an important problem, but often neglected. Oral health status also associated with the individual's Oral Health Behavior (OHB). The aim of this study is to assess the impact of OHB on gingival health status in CKD patients.

Background: Dental caries is a major problem in children’s oral cavity. Beside caries, the prevalence of gingival bleeding in children was also by plaque buildup due to poor oral hygiene. Toddlers are one of the groups most vulnerable to dental and oral diseases because they generally still have behaviors or habits that are less supportive of dental health. Primary teeth are indicators of dental health in preschool children needed to assess the dental health of children. Mother’s education, socio economic, and knowledge is one of the factors that affect health status.Objective: This study aims to determine the relationship of mother’s education and knowledge of the status of caries and periodontal in children aged 3-6 years.Methods: This study used observational analytic with cross-sectional and total sampling conducted in Paud Temoran Village, Sampang with respondents of 50 mothers and their children. WHO and dmft examination sheet to measured child periodontal and caries status. Questionnaire sheet to measured mother’s knowledge. Data analysis used spearman correlation test. Results: Statistical results between the level of education and caries status got a significant correlation, besides the results of statistics on education, knowledge and socioeconomic levels with periodontal status show insignificant correlation.Conclusion: There was a significant correlation between the level of education and caries status while the level of education, knowledge and socioeconomic with periodontal status there is no significant correlation.

Chronic periodontitis (CP), the most common periodontal disease, is an inflammatory disease leading to the destruction of connective tissue and loss of the adjacent supporting bone and is multifactorial in etiology. Periodontal therapy including either surgical and/or non-surgical methods usually results in improvements in periodontal health. In some cases, scaling and root planing (SRP) is insufficient to solve periodontal infection. SRP combined with local antibiotics has been shown to yield better results than SRP only. Recently, minocycline, a broad spectrum antibiotic is found to be effective against periodontal pathogenic micro-organisms.
The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate the clinical efficacy of locally delivered minocycline in the treatment of periodontitis.an electronic search was carried out using the keywords, “minocycline”. “periodontal” and “periodontitis” via the PubMed/Medline, ISI Web of Science and Google Scholar databases for relevant articles published from 1949 to February 2019. The addressed focused question was: To review current literature, to analyse the efficacy of minocycline as a local adjunct to SRP in the treatment of periodontitis. Following the removal of duplicate results, the primary search resulted in articles and articles were excluded based on title and abstract. Hence, articles were read completely for eligibility. After exclusion of irrelevant studies,6 articles were included. All of them were RCT’s, all of them were human studies, were clinical and were microbial analysis.

the solution of the problem lies in determining the integral indicator of the load of risk factors for generalized periodontitis, which takes into account the prevalence of risk factors and their contribution to the occurrence of the disease.
The purpose of this study is to analyze the population determinants of the risk of developing generalized periodontitis