European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

In India, adolescents account for more than one-fifth of the population. Many of them drop out of school, marry young, work in dangerous jobs, are sexually active, and are subjected to peer pressure. These variables have significant economic and public health ramifications. More over half of the adolescent girls were between the ages of 15 and 16. The majority of them (50.82%) were from the lower socioeconomic level, 78% were Hindus, 5.31% were married, and 17.55% of their moms were illiterate. Around 9.6% of adolescent girls had dropped out, with the primary reasons being marriage (38%) and not being interested (25%). Adolescent girls were married at a rate of about 5.31%. The average age of menarche, marriage and pregnancy was 13.54+ years, 17.5 1.29 years and 18.23 + 0.9 years, respectively. Majority of adolescent girls (53.06%) were underweight followed by normal (45.51 %), overweight (1.02 %) and obese (0.41%). About 95.31% of adolescent xii girls were anaemic. Around 69.59% of adolescent girls had mild anaemia and only 1.84% were severely anaemic.

Child abuse, a reprehensible act, pervades all strata of society. It has increased dramatically over the last decade.The awareness regarding the same has been minimal in the developing countries.Dentists especially the pediatric dentists are more likely to encounter cases of child abuse in their clinical practice. The purpose of this article is to review the oral and dental aspects of physical and sexual abuse and dental neglect in children and the role of pediatric care providers and dental providers in evaluating such conditions.A precocious assessment and diagnosis of child abuse, in a dental practice, could considerably contribute in the identificationof violence cases in an early intervention. The pediatric caregivers and other dental caregivers should be encouraged tocollaborate to increase the prevention, detection, and treatment of these conditions in children.

Background: Topical corticosteroids (TCs) are one of dermatology’s most commonly used drugs. The clinical effects of TCs are maintained through their anti-inflammatory, vasoconstrictive, anti-proliferative, immunosuppressive and sex hormone-like effects.^2,3 There were fewer studieson the abuse of TC from developing countries like India, especially in Andhra Pradesh^4,5,6. So, this study was conducted to assess the magnitude of abuse of topical corticosteroids, their reasons, and various complications due to it.  Objectives: To know the prevalence of topical corticosteroid abuse, to know the reasons, pattern, adverse effects and formulation used among cases with TC abuse and to compare clinic-demographic profile among cases and controls. Methodology: The current study was done in the outpatient unit of the dermatology department.This is a type of cross-sectional, observational study done from September 2022 to November 2022. Patients aged above 18 years, males and females, presenting with some complaints to the dermatology unit, suspected of TC abuse and who are willing to participate and provided consent were included in the study. Results: TC abuse was seen among 26% of patients. Most of the patients were aged 21-30 years. 63% of patients were females, and 67% of patients reported the most common area of usage as the face. Most of the patients reported cosmetic reasons for topical corticosteroid abuse. 13.4% of patients reported intermittent usage. The most common adverse effect due to topical corticosteroid abuse seen was Tinea incognito. Conclusion: It is the need of the hour to increase public awareness and educate the prescribers on corticosteroids. One major step would be to regulate the manufacture and OTC sale of topical steroids. We highly recommend topical steroids and their combinations to be sold as “prescription-only” medications.

The disturbance of neuropsychological processes during pregnancy and parturition may cause postpartum depressions in vulnerable individuals. Pre-natal and psychological and instrumental needs are indicated to be poorly met in western society and this crisis can interfere with neurophysiological factors to undermine the functioning of maternal psychology. In relation to neuropsychological women's wellbeing in the time of the transition, the effects of developmental factors and psychological and physical stressors are addressed. The psychobiological shift from pregnancy to successful post-natal parenting, the reconstruction of family and job roles, can be assisted, disregarded and derailed in the environmental milieu. Determining how psychosocial factors impact the link between violence and postpartum depression (PPD) history. Women have received B48 hours of live-born child care from four urban hospitals in Utah. The history has been collected by self-reporting during enrollment of physical or sexual assault. There have also been collected psychosocial covariates, including stressors and depression. Pregnancy stressors were classified using the Pregnancy Risk Assessment System's "stressor" questions. A pre-defined Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale score of C12 for 6-8 weeks after partition was taken as the key result indicator. Psycho-social threats were widespread among 1,038 women tested: 11.7% violence history, pregnancy strainors–financial 49.1%, emotions 35%, partnership-associated 19.8%, and traumas 10.3% and history of depression 16.7%. Interestingly, the experience of violence was just one of women with a moderate degree of stressors. Missuse and pregnancy stressors are normal and affect the probability of PPD positive testing.

Background:Domestic violence (DV) is both a public health concern and a deprivation of a basic human right in Saudi Arabia.DV has a variety of short- and long-term physical and mental health repercussions
Objectives:To study the prevalence and types of domestic violence in Makkah.
Methods:A community-basedstudy among different age groups from 1 year to older than 20 years.The data were collected from health care facilities during the time from January 2019 – June 2019.
Results:The prevalence of domestic violence in Makkah was high specially among kids, younger ages groups and women. The majority of aggressors were known and reported by mothers more than any other family members. The most common types of violence were physical abuse (33.6%) followed by sexual (23.7%) and multiple types (20.6%) then neglecting abuse (17.6%). The types of violence were correlated with younger age and the mother being the reporter for abuse.
Conclusion: The prevalence of domestic abuse during the study period was high specially among children and women. Further studies should be conducted to assess the prevalence of DV around KSA.