European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Introduction: The incidence of maxillofacial fractures varies worldwide. The
information on epidemiological characteristics in association with the etiology and
incidence of injuries help in prevention and appropriate treatment of such injuries.
Purpose: Thus, the aim of this retrospective study was to describe the prevalence,
incidence, pattern, etiology, management of trauma cases at Shyam Shah Medical
College (S. S. M. C), in a span of 8 years.
Patients & Methods: The data collected included age, sex, date and month (seasonal
variations), etiology, site of fracture, associated injuries, treatment modalities used for
the management of maxillofacial trauma patients reporting in the Department of
Dentistry and emergency casualty department of S. S. M. C., Rewa from February 2013
till January 2021.
Results: A total of 892 cases depicted fractures of the facial skeleton. The mean age was
36 years. Though patients ranging from 4-75 years reported for treatment. Males
outnumbered females with a male: female ratio of 8:1. Injuries commonly occurred in
the 21-30 years age group. Road traffic accidents (RTAs) were the most common
etiological factor in 631 patients followed by inter personal violence (IPV) in 147
patients. Mandibular fracture was the most frequently encountered fracture. The
seasonal variation showed the peak incidence of cases in the months of January and
December with 23.4 % of total patients. 15.13 % of the cases were managed
conservatively, 7.29% patients with debridement and soft tissue repair, while closed
reduction was used in 60.54 % of patients and 17.04 % were treated with surgical open
reduction and internal fixation. There was no serious complication in any of our patient
in the average follow up span of 6 months.
Conclusion: This study verified a young male predominance involved in maxillofacial
trauma. RTAs contributed as the major etiological factor. Thus, similar long-span multi
centric epidemiologic studies may help government and authorities to plan periodic
review of driving skills & strict implementation of traffic rules policies.

A retrospective study to investigate the psychological morbidity and the health related quality of life in patients who had suffered maxillofacial trauma was carried on those patients who presented themselves at the oral and maxillofacial department, School of Dental Sciences, Sharda University, Greater Noida. They were investigated for the evaluation of stress and anxiety disorders mainly after trauma. Three different scales were used to check the level of anxiety and depression related symptoms along with Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).Sampled subjects were dominated by males with major portion as students. Road traffic accidents were observed to be major cause of Maxillofacial Trauma. On 0-21 HADS scale 28% patients suffered from severe anxiety, whereas 29% respondents revealed severe depression. On Event Scale Revised 15.78% of patients recorded Quite A Bit level of distress with an event score of 3.The CAPS-5 criteria confirmed that 52.62% patients showed moderate symptoms of PTSD examined 6 months after trauma and also met DSM-IV criteria for the diagnosis of PTSD. Study confirms that it is very important to provide psychiatric support for all the patients with maxillofacial traumas as 52.62% of patients confirmed moderate symptoms even after a period of 24 weeks of trauma. Clinicians should emphasize this important consideration and explain it to the patients’ relatives in emergency departments and care units.

The present study aimed to retrospectively evaluate the epidemiologic characteristics of the prevalence and types of condylar fractures of the mandible. Details of a total of 21 cases of mandibular condyle fracture were collected out of a total of 86,000 cases from databases of saveetha dental college which were undergone in the period time from June 2019 to March 2020. All these were checked for pattern or type of fracture based on Lindahl’s Classification. Results of this study showed that out of 21 cases of mandibular condyle fracture 19% showed no displacement, 28.6% showed deviation of the condylar segment, 19% showed displacement of fracture segment, 9.5% showed deviation with dislocation and 23.85% showed displacement with dislocation. Also, the study showed a male predilection for the condylar fractures of the mandible. In this study within the limitations, there is significant male predilection and more number of deviation type of condylar fractures of the mandible.