European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Background and objectives: The upper and lower airway has always been an area of interest because the oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal structures play important roles in the growth and development of the craniofacial complex. Significant relationships between the pharyngeal structures and both dento-facial and craniofacial structures have been reported. The aim of the study were to evaluate Oropharyngeal and nasal passage volumes of patients with normal nasorespiratory functions having different dentofacial skeletal patterns using CBCT and the correlations between different variables and the airway Material and Methods: The study consisted of 45 patients (23 males, 22 females), divided into 3 equal groups as Class I , Class II and Class III based on evaluation of facial profile and molar relation. After obtaining CBCT, the Oropharyngeal airway volume (OPV), Nasopharyngeal airway volume (NPV), vertical height of oropharynx (HOP), Constricted minimum axial area (CMinAx), and Constricted posterior airway space (CPAS) were measured. Differences between groups were determined by using the Tukey Post Hoc test. Correlations between the variables were tested with the Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results: The mean OPV of the Class II subjects (6876.40 mm3) was significantly lower when compared with that of the Class I (8294.73 mm3 ) and Class III subjects (10941.43 mm3 ). The only statistically significant difference for NPV was observed between the Class I (9889.57 mm3) and Class II groups (7916.48 mm3 ). The CMinAx had a high potential in explaining the OPV.Conclusion: The results from this study indicate that mandibular growth deficiency patients had less airway volume, minimum axial area and constricted posterior airway space than the patients with good growth anteroposterior relationship between maxilla and mandible. The results of this research can be used as a guideline for subsequent works related to the airway study and presurgical assessment for orthognathic surgeries

Aim: The present study was conducted to analyse the stability of outcomes achieved by surgical treatment of skeletal class III patients in terms of the rate and extent of relapses with the help of cephalogram. Methodology: A total of 11 patients who had undergone orthodontic treatment combined with orthognathic surgery were included. The primary inclusion criterion was a skeletal class III treated by SSO surgery combined with maxillary advancement (Le Fort I) surgery. Analysis was based on three postoperative cephalograms per patient. Results: We observed relapse (defined, in accordance with Proffit, as changes >2 mm or 2°) at a rate of 24% after SSO surgery. We noted a maxillary relapse in 6 of the 11 patients who had undergone Le Fort I surgery, with SNA values initially increasing by +3° from T0 and T1 in keeping with the advancement procedure and subsequently decreasing by −1° toward baseline yielding a relapse rate of 30%. Conclusion: The majority of patients exhibited stable treatment outcomes. As with all surgical procedures, success demands of the surgeon an intimate knowledge and understanding of physiology and anatomy.

Aim of the study was to assess the association of age and gender distribution in patients having class III/ class IV caries resulting in root canal treatment in upper and lower Anteriors. This is a retrospective clinical study carried between the month of June 2019 to March 2020. Data of patients with diagnosis of class III/ class IV caries and prognosis to RCT were collected. Thus a sample size of 56 was obtained and tabulated in excel. Excel tabulated data is transferred to SPSS software for analysis. Based on software analysis and chi square test results were tabulated. We got a result that male patients aged between the age group of 61-70 years are most affected by class III/ class IV caries resulting in root canal treatment. Maxillary right permanent central incisor [11] is the most common tooth to be affected anteriors in upper arch and mandibular left permanent canine is most commonly affected anteriors in lower arch. Within the limitations of this study, we observed that male patients showed higher incidence of class III, class IV caries resulting in root canal treatment compared to female patients. Class III and class IV caries are observed to be more prevalent in the age group 61-70 years. Thus early diagnosis and conservative treatment of class III and class IV caries can prevent teeth from progressing to RCT.