European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between individual characteristics and discharge planning implementation with the compliance level of chronic kidney disease patients undergoing hemodialysis.A cross sectional designduring July - September 2020 with 105 respondents using simple random sampling. The independent variables were individual characteristics and implementation of discharge planning and the dependent variable was adherence.Data were collected using a questionnaire that was tested for validity and reliability, then data were analyzed using Chi Square test with a significance value P <0.05. Respondents with the highest adherence were women (88.9%; P = 0.015), age range 46 - 55 years (87.8%; P = 0.033), married status (81.1%; 0.031), working (89.5%; P = 0.028), Secondary education level (84.2%; P = 0.043), good knowledge (85.1%; P = 0.026), long hemodialysis> 5 years (93.3%; P = 0.016) and had a history of diabetes mellitus (90.9%; P = 0.035).The discharge planning element also has significant relation (all P <0.05), including sufficient medication (90.0%), a good environment (88.9%), good treatment (100.0%), good health teaching (87.0%), good outpatient referral (100.0%) and good diet (86.7). The level of compliance of hemodialysis patients is very important to improve the quality of life of patients, patient compliance is influenced by the demographic characteristics of the individual and discharge planning in the hospital.

The spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID 19) reached pandemic world-wide especially in Italy
from early March 2020. Many factors were under discussion among public health experts for the
exorbitant mortality rate in Italy than other countries. A coordinated global response was desperately
needed to prepare health systems to meet this unprecedented challenge in Italy. This review illustrates
predictions, chronic comorbidities, effects of COVID 19 on Italian health system. Covid disease affecting
the elderly population with co-morbidities, the same was associated in the mortality rate among elder
population in Italy in a greater rate. The mortality rate in Italy was also higher due to the asymptomatic
cases not being tested and isolated with initial screening. The most serious outcome of COVID 19
pneumonia was recorded among the population in Italy. Exhausted number of ICU’s beds, ventilators and
respirators revealed their un-preparedness for the covid-19 pandemic. This review thus focuses on the
various factors to be considered in future pandemics by analyzing the covid - 19 pandemic in Italy.