European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

OBJECTIVES

Study of covid 19 obstetric cases admitted in maternal intensive care unit.
To study the fetomaternal outcome of covid 19 pregnant women

METHODS

This was an observational study carried out in the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Gandhi hospital, a tertiary care centre in Telangana. 100 women were taken into the study based on COVID19 test status.

RESULTS
Among 100 covid patients who were admitted into maternal intensive care unit, were in the range of 17 to 35years. Most (64%) of the patients were primigravida and majority (64%) of them were admitted in third trimester. 36 patients were without any co-morbidity, 38 patients belong to hypertensive disorders, 12 patients had anemia. High sugars and heart disease complicating pregnancy cases were also admitted.Inflammatory markers were raised in covid patients. All the patients had elevated CRP. Serum ferritin was raised in 53patients, LDH was raised in 46patients and 24patients were having raised D-Dimer.70% patients were managed with NIV.38% patient’s babies were admitted into NICU due to respiratory distress, low birth weight and seizures. Among 100 patients, 62% patients were discharged with good outcome and 38% patients were died.
CONCLUSION
Covid 19 during pregnancy may happen without identifiable risk factors. Although the risk of poor maternal and perinatal outcome increases when intensive care unit admission is required, adequate respiratory support adapted to the clinical status and interdisciplinary management of critical cases may not only lead to maternal recovery, but also an improvement in neonatal outcomes.

The COVID-19 pandemic has unfolded as one of the world’s worst health crisis. Viral RT-PCR, CRP, and CT scan thorax are the most common tools used for its diagnosis, prognosis and severity assessment. Hence, a parallel between these parameters can aid in better understanding and management of COVID-19 infection.
Methodology: Demographic data, history, cycle threshold values of RT-PCR from nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs, CRP and computed tomography score were obtained from 108 adult participants. Statistical analysis was performed using python programming (python 3.7) and inbuilt libraries.
Results: Mean age of the study group was 51.05 years. 63.89% were males. The mean CT score was 15.417 indicating severe disease. Men had a higher CRP. Cycle threshold value of N gene was directly proportional to CT score. Lower cycle threshold values were associated with higher CRP. Of the 37 deaths, 62.16% were males. Cycle threshold in non-survivors was significantly higher than survivors indicating lower nasopharyngeal viral load in non-survivors. Diabetes was the most common comorbidity associated with mortality.
Conclusion: Nasopharyngeal load can be low even with severe radiological CT findings probably due to migration of the virus to lower respiratory tract in later stages of the disease. Low nasopharyngeal viral loads cannot negate the possibility of a severe pulmonary infection. CRP values may not always correlate with CT findings in recovering stages of disease. Comorbidities adversely affect the disease outcome. These parameters should be used in conjunction to assess and veer the progression, management and outcome of patients with COVID-19 infection.

Background: Telogen effluvium (TE) after COVID-19 infection or vaccination is a common sequelae in dermatology clinics.
Objective: to study the prevalence of telogen effluvium in COVID-19 patients and its association with COVID vaccine.
Methods: Cross-sectional study via online questionnaire in Saudi Arabia and other Arabic countries.
Results: Prevalence of hair loss among COVID-19 patients is ~85% with 45.9%  meeting the criteria of TE. Majority of those with high fever associated with COVID-19 developed TE (87.5%). 100% of hospitalized patients exhibited TE with 58% having diffuse hair loss for less than 6 months (acute TE) and 32% for more than 6 months (chronic TE). 63.2% of our participants had hair loss after COVID vaccination regardless of vaccine type with the majority experiencing it after the first dose (55.8%).
Limitations: The majority of the participants were female. Other factors associated with hair loss were taken into consideration.
Conclusions: COVID-19 infection and its vaccines carry a high risk for development of telogen effluvium.

Background: At the end of 2019 a new viral disease namely covid-19 has occurred which was highly
contagious within a few months it spreads to more than 100 countries. A poor understanding of new
infections and lack of knowledge leads to compromised patient health benefits as well as psychological
stress to front-line health workers. This study aimed to assess the knowledge and level of perception of
health care workers about covid-19.
Methods: A cross-sectional web-based survey was carried out among front-line health care workers who
work at tertiary health care centers the survey instrument constituted a semi-structured pre-tested
questionnaire. The 29-item questionnaire was divided into two sections. Statistical tool chi-square test
used to investigate the stress, anxiety, and depression with significance set to p<.05.
Results: Out of 100 participants 30 front-line health care workers have minimal depression, 25 mild
depression, 14 moderate depression, 13 moderately severe depression, maximum participants belong to
age group 26-35 (P-value .001). The participant with a child is a total of 67 out of 100 participants who
show a variety of depression, Maximum number of participants is 21 having mild depression P (value is
.010). There total of 57 participants who confident caring covid-19 patient, maximum of 22 participants
who have mild depression (P-value is .000).
Conclusion: As the entire world faced the covid-19 thread and continued to emerge, most frontline health
care workers have a varying degree of depression but according to PHQ-9 no one has severe depression.
Definitive or effective treatment of covid-19 including prevention of this by vaccination is mandatory.
Education intervention, personal protection equipment and appropriate knowledge are urgently needed
to reach frontline health care work beyond the international border and future studies are warranted.

Background: Lockdown is an emergency situation which has confined people to their homes, states and country. Individuals felt insecure and worried about their financial matters and their mental health was affected at some point of time during the corona virus pandemic lockdown.
Aim: The study aimed to assess the effect of lockdown on mental health between the general population and covid-19 frontline health care workers.
Material and Methods: The survey was conducted from July to October 2020 using DSM -5 Self-Rated level 1 cross-cutting symptom measure -Adult scale, circulated through social media platform (Google forms). In this study, 180 participants were enrolled. Hindi version of the measure was used to assess the psychological impact on the participants and a score of 0 was considered as NO and was taken as a Negative response and scores 1 to 4, were considered as YES and were taken as a positive responses.
Result: A total of 180 responses were obtained during the survey, amongst them 36.67% were male and 63.33%were female. Frontline healthcare workers were 51.67% and among the Non-health care workers, unemployed were 10%, Student were 17.78%, and the remaining working were 56.67%. As per DSM 5 Crosscutting symptoms scores, the most common reported psychological symptoms were Anxiety  81.11%, Depression  52.78%, Sleep problems  29.44%, and Substance use 25%,. The comparison between both the groups was not statistically significant (p>0.001). However, non-healthcare workers experienced more psychological symptoms.
conclusion: The covid-19 lockdown was associated with poor mental health across individuals .the lockdown was observed  to be a stressful situation that could have precipitated psychological symptoms like anxiety, stress, depression, and sleep disturbance in the individuals.
 

Corona virus hit the world by January 2020, after which it slowly started to lurk into India by March 2020. This sudden catastrophe started to take a big toll of lives all over the world and had the same effect in India also. The enormous numbers of patients getting admitted were massive and at the same time, the patients recovering were also inversely proportionate. The patients were being diagnosed, and some of them were admitted in the hospitals and the others were advised to being quarantined at home, as there was no space in the hospitals. The stress of being diagnosed positive for corona virus can bring lots of unresolved conflicts for any human.  These clients had a very poor mental state. They had symptoms of loneliness, depression, fear and anxiety about the outcome of the disease. A registry was maintained in a hospital for such clients and they were counselled through their mobiles. The process was challenging and a mind-blowing experience for the counsellor.

COVID-19 is an epidemic that has been multiplying rapidly across the globe. To order to regulate its growth, several nations have implemented home-stay or lockout policies. Prolonged domestic residency, though, can cause worse effects such as economic instability, homelessness, food shortages and individuals' mental health issues. This article presents an intelligent consumer electronics solution for secure & gradual launch after residence restrictions have been lifted. Completely automatic hand sanitizer supplier to prevent quickly spreading novel corona virus. It is implemented to restrict the development of new positive cases through auto touch tracking and by promoting critical social distancing.

Background: In this time of COVID-19 crisis, need of hour to appropriately perform dental
procedures to reduce the spread of this deadly disease, it is importance to assess the knowledge
and attitude of pediatric dentists regarding spread and control of infection before and after
COVID-19 crisis.
Methods and Materials: Questionnaire-based survey composed of 6 questions that assess the
knowledge of pediatric dentists regarding COVID-19 infection and 10 questions each designed
to gather information about their clinical practice before and after COVID-19 crisis which
shows attitude of pediatric dentists. Online survey link was circulated through social media
and an e-mail to pediatric dentists from different locations in India and the responses were
collected. 346 pediatric dentists willingly responded in the study.

The whole world is fighting against the pandemic situation created by the outbreak of COVID-19. Health workers, all over the world, are rendering service by putting their lives at stake. Health workers of Assam are also working relentlessly. This study attempts to analyse the role of the Accredited Social Health Activist or the ASHA workers of Assam in the fight against this pandemic situation. They have been serving the community to save it from this pandemic. They have faced a number of challenges while delivering their service. An attempt has been made in the current study to understand those challenges and to understand their side of the story.

Novel corona virus COVID-19 suspected patients including 50 samples were collected from different hospitals in Baghdad, Iraq during 5th to 25th of March / 2020. Complete blood count including monocyte, hemoglobin, red blood cell, leukocyte, lymphocyte and platelets count, and serum C- reactive protein diagnosed in 20 patients which are positive to novel covide-19 in Iraq hospital. The result showed that the monocyte count average was 1.5 103 / UL, hemoglobin (Hb) count vary from 9 to 14 g/dl , the red blood cell average count was 4.83 106 / UL, leukocyte average was 16.00 103 / UL, the lymphocyte was 2.5 %, the platelet (PLT) average count was 512 H 103 / UL and the C- reactive protein was 19 mg/L. The results showed that the total number of monocyte, hemoglobin (Hb)and red blood cell were slightly decrease or remained normal, while 90% of patients presented the number of leukocytes were highly increased and the percentage of lymphocytes were reduced, platelets count increased in 80 % and the serum CRP was slightly to high increased, except 10 % of patients slightly increase in leukocyte platelets, moderate change in the percentage of lymphocyte and 20% of serum CRP still normal.
Blood parameter and serum C-Reactive protein can be an active evaluation index for infectious patients with novel COVID-19.

The history has shown that during dangerous situation, people seek for their own safety. However, the example shown from the Covid-19 quick anticipation in Wuhan, China has shown the exact opposite. The researcher tries to identify human behaviors during the pandemic situation of Covid-19 in Indonesia. The researcher argues that compared to other countries, Indonesian people have different characteristics and responses. They are more self-centered and judgmental. Using the qualitative approach, the researcher classifies the people into 4 groups during a pandemic situation with two main groups as the research priority. First, the egocentric group as the group dominating the food and medical supplies. The panic buying in Indonesia causes this group of people to pile up stocks at home and cause the retail price to rocket. The second group is the profit-seeking group who takes advantage of this situation and sells the important food and medical supply in high price. The four groups represent the chaotic society culture in Indonesia and are the main reasons for questions if the humanity still exists. This research gives an understanding to the government to face the next pandemic if it happens someday. There are two limitations. First, at the time this research is made, the Covid-19 pandemic is still ongoing. There is a high possibility that a new group might appear near or at the end of the pandemic. Second, this paper does not separate the people into groups of different income levels, age groups and gender. Future research should address these limitations.

Aim: This research sought to raise information among the general population in Odisha, India regarding COVID-19.
Materials and methods: In March-April 2020, the cross-section study of 440 participants from diverse locations and backgrounds in Odisha included socio-demographic processes including protective steps against COVID-19 information results, which included strong and accurate queries.
Results: Most respondents received excellent COVID-19 knowledge and intelligence. Much of the respondents (46,10%) were 18-30 years old including 36,80% graduated from postgraduated, 30,20% did graduate, 23,06% passed 12th, so 5,09% participated 10th. Near to 98.40% of COVID-19 and 73.30% of COVID-19 have recorded a pandemic. The sources of a corona virus throughout China was identified as an infectious illness by 93.60% to 90.70%. Around 65.90 percent recorded an incubation time of 14 days with respect to signs and indications. Participant records of serious conditions such as sickle coughing (84.30%), fever (85.20%), nasal congestion (64.5%) and headaches (59.80%). About 90.70% stated that this can spreads via outlets and 78.40% stated that it can transmit via exposure to infected items. 88% stated they regularly wash their hands, while 85% has said social distinction is the main determinant of security. 79.80% reported staying home & calling helpline, while you notice COVID-19 signs.
Conclusions: Healthcare and also the Govt. of India and also the Govt. of Odisha are making huge efforts to address COVID-19 and also to aware the community and to raising understanding regarding COVID-19.

Social media is a source that produces massive amount of data on an unprecedented scale. It serves as a platform for every person to share their perspectives, opinions and experiences apart from just being a platform that gives information to the public who search for information on the disease. As unexpected as the occurrence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was, it has been radically affecting people all over the world, there is a need to analyse the opinion of people on the pandemic COVID-19. This paper focuses on the sentiment analysis of COVID-19 using twitter data. The analyses are based on the machine learning algorithms. This article provides an analysis on how people react to a pandemic outbreak, how much they are aware of the disease and its symptoms, what precautionary measures they are taking and whether or not people are following government’s guidelines etc. Understanding the posts on social media pages during a pandemic outbreak allows health agencies and volunteers to better assess and understand the public's insolences, sentiments and needs in order to deliver appropriate and effective information.

Homoeopathy has to play major role in future of World’s health as the whole world
is worst hit by pandemic of CORONA VIRUS.Homeopathic prophylactic medicines are based
on the ability to prevent infective diseases & boost one’s immunity when chosen according to
the principle of similarity.This historicreview was the ground for evaluating the response to
treatment including homeopathy in the former epidemics and also try to emphasize on future
role Homoeopathy.