European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Background: Cardiac abnormalities occur in majority of patients after cerebrovascular accidents, accounting for unex-pected deaths during the first month. The most common disturbances include electrocardiogram (ECG) abnormalities, cardiac arrhythmias, and myocardial injury and dysfunction. Material and Methods: This prospective study was carried out in a superspeciality hospital during 2 years which comprised of 100 patients. Patients were categorized based on computerized tomography findings into cerebral infarction, intracerebral hemorrhage, and subarachnoid hemorrhage. ECG changes are interpreted with rate, rhythm, and abnormal-ities and conclusions were derived.
Results: Stroke was most common in 5th and 6th decade. Cerebral infarction formed the largest group. Males had higher preponderance. Hypertension was the most common risk factor. In total, 74% had electrocardiographic abnormality. ECG changes are more common among cerebral hemorrhage and subarachnoid hemorrhage. Most common ECG abnormality was prolonged QTc interval. Overall immediate mortality was 23%. It was high in cerebral hemorrhage. Morality was high in patients with abnormal ECG, mostly with prolonged QTc and with T-wave inversion.
Conclusion: Patients with cerebrovascular accidents often have abnormal ECG in the absence of known organic heart disease or electrolyte imbalance. QTc prolongation and U-wave are the common ECG abnormalities in hemorrhagic strokes.

Introduction: Failure to successfully intubate the trachea and to secure the airway remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the operative and emergency settings. A study evaluating the intubating conditions using video laryngoscope and Macintosh direct laryngoscope for visualization of the vocal cords, success rate for intubation, time for intubation, and the need for additional manoeuvres in adult patients in elective general anaesthesia cases was planned.
Methods: It was a prospective study conducted in the department of Anaesthesiology, GSL Medical College. Individuals aged 18 to 60 years, ASA physical status grade 1 and grade 2 were included; ASA grade >3, mouth opening < 4cm were excluded. A thorough preanesthetic evaluation was conducted. Airway was assessed using modified Mallampatti grading. In the operating room, standard monitoring devices were applied including a pulse oximeter, 3 lead ECG and blood pressure. Baseline measures of Blood pressure, heart rate, oxygen saturation were made. Vital signs were recorded every minute from the time induction of anesthesia was begun until five minutes after the patient had been intubated, and then at five-minute intervals thereafter for fifteen minutes.
Results: In this study, 40 members each were recruited in group D and V, respectively. Age wise, majority were 21 – 30 years, respectively in group D (40%) and group V (42.5%).
In group D, majority (45%) were graded to be MMG 1 and in group V, majority were in grade 2 (47.5%). When the overall intubation was considered, it was easy in 37.5% for V group members and major difficult to 5% individuals; statistically there was no significant difference.
Conclusion: Video laryngoscope was associated with better visualization of laryngeal structures as compared to Macintosh direct laryngoscope. Videolaryngoscope is suitable for tracheal intubation in routine clinical practice as an alternative to Macintosh laryngoscope

Back ground: WHO defines stroke as “the rapid development of clinical signs and symptoms of a focal neurological disturbance which lasts for more than 24 hours or leading to death with vascular origin as the cause. Stroke is a clinical syndrome, which describes a sudden neurological deficit of presumed vascular origin.The risk factors for stroke are diabetes mellitus, smoking, alcohol and hypertension. Colour doppler ultrasound is one of the important tool for the evaluation of exracranial insufficiency of the carotid arteries. This study was performed to assess the carotid arteries with the help of color doppler in carotid artery disease. Aims and objectives: To elaborate the color Doppler evaluation of extracranial carotid arteries and risk factors in predicting cerebro vascular accident in patients with carotid atheromatous disease. Materials and Methods: Of the 102 patients who had come to our department during the study period with symptoms of cerebrovascular disease such as transient episodes of neurological dysfunction, sudden weakness or numbness, hemiparesis, focal neurological deficits, sudden loss of consciousness, altered sensorium, aphasia, slurring of speech, diminution or loss of vision were included into the study. CT scan of brain and color doppler evaluation for the extracranial carotid arteries was done for all the patients to assess the atheromatous disease of extracranial carotid arteries and comparison with brain changes in cerebrovascular disease patients.