European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Background – The brachial artery is the extension of the axillary artery starting at the lower margin of the teres major muscle and is the major artery of the upper extremity. The brachial artery reaches the cubital fossa and bifurcates into the radial and ulnar artery. The ulnar artery further gives short trunk called common interosseous artery which in turn divided into anterior and posterior interosseous.  In this study we observed that the anterior interosseous artery instead of arising from the ulnar artery it took origin from brachial artery and there was absence of common interosseous artery. Ulnar artery is very much thin which is continuing as its normal course in forearm as well in hand. Aim - To study the variations in origin of anterior interosseous artery. Material and Method- Dissection of the upper limb in dissection hall of anatomy department of National Institute of Medical Science & Research Rajasthan, India, in 24 cadavers of both sexes, who has donated their precious body to NIMS & Research institute. Result – We found higher origin of anterior interosseous artery in five cadavers out of 24 cadavers (20.83%); in that four were male cadaver and one were female cadaver. All variations were same in right upper limb of both cadavers. Conclusion- The purpose of this article is to highlight the need for the awareness of the potential existence of such anatomical variation during vascular and re-constructive surgery and how it can be preoperatively detected by color Doppler imaging, which would help the surgeons and clinicians to plan out vascular and re-constructive surgery and therapeutic interventions

Background: Branching pattern of the brachial artery is important during percutaneous arterial catheterization, so as to prevent any complications arising from accidental damage to the anomalous vessel and knowledge of the variations are important for plastic surgeons.
Material and Methods: This study was conducted in the Department of Anatomy with the aim to know the variations in the anatomy of Brachial Artery and its branching patterns. This study included total n = 100 Upper limb specimens.
Results: We included n = 100 specimens in this study. Among 100 specimens, 84% showed normal branching pattern of brachial artery. Rest 16% specimens were showing variations. This study observed that 10% variation of branching pattern of brachial artery by trifurcation near its termination, 2% by Double profunda brachii artery arising from brachial artery, 2% High origin of radial artery & 2% High division of brachial artery.
Conclusion: This study concludes that exact knowledge of these arterial variations is extremely important as these are having frequent injuries and these variations are also involved in various surgeries around the shoulder, arm and fracture management of the humerus as well as multiple microvascular reconstructive surgeries and radiologic diagnostic techniques.