European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Background: The comprehensive global cancer statistics from International Agency for Research on Cancer indicated that gynaecological cancers accounted for 19% of the 5.1 million estimated new cancer cases, 2.9 million cancer deaths and 13 million 5-year prevalent cancer cases among women in the world in 2002, of which carcinoma Cervix accounted for 4,93,000 new cases and 2,73,000 deaths. More than 80% of cervical cancer was found to occur in developing countries. Among the population based cancer registries Barshi.
Aim & Objective: 1. To screen cervical cancer by conventional papsmear.2. To assess the prevalence of premalignant and malignant lesions of the cervix.3. To correlate the type of pap-smear reports with clinical presentation of the patient
Method: Study design: Prospective study. Study setting:  Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at tertiary care centre. Study duration:……..Study population: The study population included all women who are more than 21 years of age and sexually active were selected
Sample size: 200
Results: 48% belonged to age less than 30years age group, 30% belonged to 31-40 yrs group, 9% belonged to 41-50 yrs. age group and 13% belonged to age more than 50yrs. 0% belonged to nulliparous group, 15% were para one,39% were para two , 36.5% were para three,8% were para four and1.5% belonged to group of para five. 10% patients has ASCUSpapsmear report,02% has HSIL, and 02% has LSIL, infections were found to be in 13patients.5% patients have unsatisfactory smears. NILM were reported in 70% of the patients. 48% of ASCUS reports belonged to age group of less than 30 years and 30% were of 31 – 40 years age group. 2 patients of HSIL belonged to 31-40 years group, all LSIL also belonged to the same age group. Total 53.8% patients has NILM with infections of age group between 31-40 years and 42.3% reported with infections belonged to age less than 30 years. ASCUS in Pap smear report had healthy cervix that is 65%. In HSIL patients 50% cervical erosion and 50% cervical hypertrophy healthy is seen. 50% of LSIL patients has cervical erosions and 50% has vaginal discharge. Infections were reported in majority in patients with healthy cervix (97.14%).
Conclusions: Carcinoma cervix is a preventable disease, but there is no perfect screening test that has 100% sensitivity and specificity.Pap smear testing is a very useful,simple,economical, and safe tool to detect preinvasive cervical epithelial lesions.

Aims and objectives : 1.To determine the impact on quality of life post trans-urethral resection
of ureteric orifice and retrograde DJ stenting in patients with obstructive uropathy secondary to
carcinoma cervix.
2. To compare the outcomes and quality of life of patients who underwent resection and DJ
stenting with patients who underwent PCN insertion using the available literature about PCN.
Materials and methods:- In this study, 40 patients were selected for palliative urinary diversion
by transurethral resection of ureteric orifice and internal drainage using DJ
stenting.77.5%ofpatientspresentedwithobstructive
uropathysecondarytorecurrenceofcarcinomacervix,20%presentedasprimarytumour and 2.5%
presented as VUJ stricture post radiotherapy. 90% had bilateral involvement of the ureteric
orifice and only 10% had unilateral involvement.
Results:- Themeancreatininevalueamong40patientswas4.12mg/dlbeforetransurethralresection
andstenting.62.5%underwenttransurethralresectionofuretericorificeandbilateralDJstentingwhile3
7.5% underwent unilateral DJ stenting. Complete renal recovery was seen in 2 weeks with
creatinine values<1.5mg/d in 72.5%whereasinrestofthe27.5%patients mean creatinine was<
3.0mg/dl.
Conclusion:-
ThetechniqueoftransurethralresectionofuretericorificeandretrogradeDJstentingasapalliative
procedure was able to show better quality of life with respect to physical and mental functioning
in patients with obstructive uropathy secondary to carcinoma cervix. Also the renal recovery
wasgood and comparable to PCN.

Background: More than one million women worldwide are currently living with carcinoma, and it is the second most leading cause of death amongst Indian women. Carcinoma cervix is easily preventable by screening test “Pap smear”. Screening requires awareness amongst the women of reproductive age group, Health care professionals and also the social workers. Awareness programmes are essential for early detection and reduce the morbidity and mortality ^[1].
Lack of awareness, health care facilities and equipment, low information on Carcinoma screening and associated stigma in the community lead to the missing of early diagnosis of carcinoma cervix in the women of reproductive age group.
Awareness programs by using mobile phone short messaging service (SMS) and also special apps were conducted. Smartphone interventions can potentially influence heath related behaviour and facilitate in the transfer of knowledge and plays an active role on ones health and medical care in turn leads to better health care quality, better health outcomes and likely lower health care costs ^{[1, 2]}.
Methods: Study was conducted for the duration of two years (June 2018-May 2020). Smart phone was used as a tool to transfer knowledge on awareness and preventive measures in the form of SMS, modules and apps to the Health care professionals and other community members.
Results: Out of the total 526 students were 500 teaching faculty were 9, health care workers 9 and women in reproductive age group 8. Their knowledge regarding awareness for cervical
cancer was found to be significantly different following smart phone based health education intervention.
Conclusion: Educating the students regarding cervical cancer using smart phone as a tool, increased their knowledge and this in turn lead to increased number of women undergoing pap smear and detecting cervical cancer early detection and their by reducing morbidity and mortality.