European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Background:- Ability to develop multiple drugs resistance and biofilm formation have made Acinetobacter species an important hospital-acquired pathogen and a challenge to their effective management.
Objective:- Through this study we can isolate different Acinetobacter sps. and study their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns. Isolated resistant Acinetobacter was further analyzed for the detection of Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs), Metallo β-lactamases (MBLs), Carbapenemase production.
Materials and Methods:- Various clinical specimens which were submitted to the Department of Microbiology, Patna Medical College & Hospital, Patna, Bihar were studied for antibiot ic susceptibility testing, detection of ESBL and MBL production by standard microbiologic a l methods.
Results:- The pre-dominant Acinetobacter species isolated was A. calcoaceticus-bauma nnii Complex (Acb complex) 167 (52.1). Among those, all A. species 127 (44.7%) were multidr ug resistant (MDR). In which 12 (4.22%) were ESBL producers and 36 (12.8%) Carbapenemases producers. The majority of A. species were resistant to cefotaxime 72.6% and cefepime 78.4%. Conclusion:- Drug-resistant Acinetobacter formed a substantial proportion of this hospital’s samples. This situation warranted stringent surveillance and adherence to infection prevention and control practices.

Invasive infections due to Acinetobacter baumannii are among the leading
nosocomial infections in patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit (ICU). An increase in
multidrug-resistant has been observed in recent years. A hospital-based prospective study was
carried out on 287 laboratory-confirmed Acinetobacter species from various clinical samples
out of which 232 (81%) were found to be Acinetobacter baumannii and other species of
Acinetobacter were 55 (19%). Most of the isolates were obtained from pus samples (30.31%)
followed by Urine (25.43%), ET Tip (14.28%) ET Aspirate (12.19%) blood (4.18%). The
number of Isolates was more in IPD (91.99%) and less in OPD (8.01%). Among IPD
patients, the highest number of isolates were obtained from ICU (52.65%), surgery (21.97%),
and Obstetrics and gynecology (13.63%). Isolates showed the highest resistance towards
cephalosporins Ampicillin (89%) followed by Cefotaxime (87%), Ceftazidime (85%), and
ceftriaxone (84%). Among the carbapenem group, Meropenem was found more resistant in
comparison to Imipenem with a resistance rate of 61% and 56% respectively. Colistin was
found to be the most effective drug. Carbapenem resistance among other species of
Acinetobacter was 172 (61.82%) by the Modified carbapenem inactivation method (mCIM).
Out of 172 carbapenem-resistant isolates screened, 144 (83.72%) gave MHT positive that
confirms the production of carbapenemase by the isolates. A total of 140 (97.23%) out of
144 MHT positive isolates showed the presence of the target gene i.e., blaOXA-23.