European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Corticosteroids are used to suppress the immune system and reduce inflammation in different conditions, ranging from skin diseases to brain tumors. Corticosteroids are administered by parenteral, oral and topical route. Topical corticosteroids are considered to have safer than oral corticosteroids. There are different topical corticosteroids preparations used in skin diseases. E.g. mometasone clobetasol, betamethasone, beclomethasone, fludrocortisone and desonide. Use of these steroids depends on anatomic location and strength of corticosteroids.
Clinical effectiveness of topically applied medications depends on the ability of the active ingredient to leave its vehicle and penetrate into the epidermis. Adverse effects of corticosteroids depend on duration of treatment, potency of corticosteroids and area of involvement. We have investigated effect of topical Clobetasole propionate on blood pressure, blood sugar level and blood calcium level after seven day application in patients requiring topical clobetasol therapy. Area of application measured by “Palmar method”, blood pressure by sphygmomanometer, blood sugar by glucometer, calcium investigation by O – cresolphthalein complexone method, concentration of clobetasol propionate by HPLC method. After seven day application, clobetasol propionate had raised systolic blood pressure. The systolic blood pressure was raised more than the diastolic blood pressure. Blood sugar level was raised by clobetasol propionate. Clobetasol propionate after once daily application for seven days did not change blood calcium levels. As area of application of topical steroids increase there were increases in blood concentration of corticosteroids.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of ocular surface disease symptoms and the state of the tear film among patients with glaucoma who are receiving topical intraocular pressure lowering therapy.
Methods: The Prospective observational cohort study was conducted in a Tertiary Hospital and Research Centre in Western Maharashtra from September 2020 to October 2022. 78 Patients (156 eyes) attending Ophthalmology OPD in a Tertiary Hospital and Research Centre in Western Maharashtra were included in the study.
Results: Majority of the patients in our study were males (67.9%), while 32.1% were females. Majority of the patients were in the 35-45 age group followed by >55 age group. The mean Intraocular pressure in the right and left eye was 27.4 mm Hg before the medication. The mean Schirmer 1 test scores in the right and left eye were 16.8 mm before the medication. The mean Schirmer 2 test scores in the right and left eye were 15.7 mm & 15.5 mm, respectively, before the medication. All patients had normal TBUT time in both right and left eye (>10 seconds). All patients had intact corneal sensation in right and left eye. Post-medication, the schirmer 1 was reduced in 66.7% of the patients, increased in 11.5% and remained same in 21.8% of the patients in right eye and left eye. Post-medication, the schirmer 2 was reduced in 66.7% of the patients, increased in 11.5% and remained same in 21.8% of the patients in right eye and left eye. TBUT was found abnormal among 7.7% of the patients in either eye, at 6 months after the anti-glaucoma medications.
Conclusion: Anti-glaucoma medication (E/D Timolol 0.5%) twice a day for a period of 6 months had significantly reduced TBUT, Schirmer-1 and Schirmer-2 among the glaucoma patients in our settings. Reduced corneal sensitivity has been noted in few patients. Anti-glaucoma medication had led to dry eye symptoms with severity ranging from moderate to severe in majority of the patients

Purpose: Corneal ulcer is one of the important ophthalmic condition causing significant morbidity especially in the developing countries. Bacteria and fungi are frequently responsible for suppurative corneal ulcers especially in the developing countries. The present study aimed to know the safety and efficacy of topical and intrastromal injection of Amphotericin B in the management of non-responding fungal corneal ulcer patients.
Methodology: It was a hospital based prospective, non-randomized, analytical study. Thirty patients of non-responding fungal corneal ulcer of any age group, of either sex were studied. Cases were studied in terms of clinical examinations, relevant investigations, appropriate treatment and documentation.