European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Background :
The umbilical cord is the lifeline of the fetus and one of the most important parts of the fetoplacental unit. Short cord length has been associated with delivery complications and adverse fetal outcomes.
Aims and objectives: To find out the correlation between umbilical cord length and fetal outcome.
Methodology :
This is a prospective study conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Government Medical College, Srikakulam from November 2022 to January 2023. All cases admitted in the labour room and fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criterias were taken into the study. The length of umbilical cord was measured after delivery along with other parameters like sex, weight and length of new born, Apgar score and postnatal follow up. Statistical analysis was done using chi-square test and a value of p<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results:
Short cord length was associated with low Apgar at 1 min and 5 min(p value 0.03) and lower birth weight of the new born(p value 0.03). Adverse perinatal outcomes like stillbirth and NICU admissions were more common in the short cord group (p value 0.02).
Conclusion :
The present study showed that there is a positive correlation between cord length and birth weight of the babies, the Apgar score at 1 and 5min, NICU admission and perinatal outcome. Measurement of umbilical cord length offers an explanation when no apparent intrapartum complication is found for adverse perinatal outcome.

Aim: Parturient women suffer unpleasant debilitating pain, post-operatively following caesarean section. Providing adequate postoperative analgesia facilitates early ambulation, shortens hospitalization, and improves function of the mother to give better care to her New-born. Hence in our study we evaluate the effect of pre-operative single oral dose pregabalin on post-caesarean pain, cumulative analgesic consumption and its safety profile.
Materials and Methods: 60 pregnant women posted for elective caesarean section were randomised into two groups, Pregabalin group (PREGABALIN, n=30) and Placebo group (PLACEBO, n=30). The study medication was given orally with a sip of water, approximately one hour prior to expected time of the surgical incision. Hemodynamic parameters, postoperative pain score by verbal numerical rating scale (NRS), time of first rescue analgesia, cumulative maternal analgesic requirement during first 24hrs, neonatal APGAR SCORE at 1 and 5 mins were evaluated. Adverse effects due to pregabalin if any due to use of pregabalin.
Results: Time to first rescue analgesic was prolonged in Pregabalin Group as compared to Placebo Group. Mean cumulative analgesic consumption was significantly lower (p<0.0001) in Pregabalin group as compared to Placebo group. Neonatal APGAR SCORE at 1 and 5 mins were similar in both groups.
Conclusion: Pre-emptively administered single oral 150mg dose of pregabalin provides excellent postcaesarean pain relief. It also resulted in decreased analgesic requirement and less postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) postoperatively in parturient women.

Objectives:To evaluate the perinatal fetal outcome in correspondence with the second-trimester scan umbilical artery coiling index in uncomplicated singleton pregnancies.

Background:Hypertension is a prevalent and serious disorder that can cause or
exacerbate many health issues. Blood pressure is directly associated to cardiovascular
disease and mortality. Stroke, MI, angina, heart failure, renal failure, and
cardiovascular mortality are all linked to BP. As a result, hypertension is often referred
to as "the silent killer." The study's aim is to assess maternal morbidity and mortality
in pregnant women with pregnancy-induced hypertension. Birth weight, Apgar score,
NICU admission, prenatal morbidity and mortality.
Materials and Methods: During two years, pregnant women aged 21 to 40 weeks were
studied at Govt Medical College &Hospital Nalgonda (July 2019-July 2021). An 80-
patient study. The institutional ethics committee review board approved. Each patient
had a comprehensive history, clinical examination, and proforma. In all instances, the
length of hospital stay, patient recovery, perinatal outcome (birth weight, Apgar score,
NICU admission), and perinatal morbidity and mortality were examined.
Results: he present investigation found that unbooked cases had more severe
preclampsia and eclampsia. Preeclampsia patients who had not had routine prenatal
care were 40 percent unbooked. Unbooked cases have increased maternal and perinatal
mortality. In this study, 40% of NICU admissions were due to LBW/asphyxia. Overall,
50% of newborns were born underweight. PIH was a prominent cause of iatrogenic
premature birth.
Conclusion: 100% registration of pregnant women and good quality antenatal
treatment including weight, blood pressure, and urine analysis with adequate referral
mechanism to tertiary care centres.All family physicians and medical officers need to be
advised to follow a standard management protocol in a case of preeclampsia and
eclampsia with an awareness for prompt referral of women who require to be managed
by specialist. Every tertiary care centre must have specialised expertise. Though PIH is
not preventable, adequate ANC care can slow its progression and timely intervention
can significantly improve perinatal outcomes.