European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Introduction: Asymptomatic bladder infection that is detected by a positive urine culture is also common among diabetes mellitus patient which progress to symptomatic infection and subsequent complication. Therefore, it becomes essential to screen urinary tract infection in diabetes mellitus patient so that its progress to complication can be prevented. Hence present study has been designated to know the prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria among females affected with diabetes mellitus.

Urinary tract infections (UTI) are the most common bacterial infections during pregnancy.
Untreated UTI can be associated with serious obstetric complications. This cross-sectional
study was carried out to determine the prevalence of UTI among pregnant women. UTI was
diagnosed using mid stream urine (MSU) culture. Using >10’5 colony forming unit per millilitre
as a significant level of bacteriuria, the prevalence was found to be. There was a high
incidence of infection in 21-25 years age group (43.75%). There was also a high incidence of
infection in the third trimester of pregnancy (51.56%) compared to first (17.18%) and second
trimester (31.25%). Multiparty is associated with increased urinary tract infections in pregnancy.
Regarding education 10% were literate and 90 % were illiterate. Prevalence of bacteriuria
was 94% in women who had past history of urinary tract infection.80% were sexually
active. E.coli was the most frequently isolated pathogen. These findings underscores the importance
of screening all pregnant women for significant bacteriuria, so that positive cases
should be treated subsequently with antibiotics in order to reduce the adverse effects on both
maternal and fetal health.

Distinguishing urosepsis from febrile urinary tract infections is critical in therapeutic decision-making to identify appropriate treatments to avoid sepsis-related organ failure. Accurate diagnosis takes time and is prone to false-positive outcomes. Furthermore, patient reactions to urosepsis are complex and variable. As a result, the goal of this study was to create a new, early diagnostic predictor that might distinguish between patients with urosepsis and those with febrile urinary tract infections by combining initial procalcitonin and albumin levels.A retrospective analysis of 200 patients with febrile urinary tract infections during an eighteen-month period. The independent risk variables for distinguishing urosepsis from febrile urinary tract infection were identified using univariate and multivariate logistic models. To examine the prediction accuracy of the procalcitonin/albumin ratio, a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed. Procalcitonin/albumin ratios were greater in the urosepsis group than in the febrile urinary tract infection group [2.254 (0.978, 6.299) vs 0.021 (0.004, 0.095); P<.001].
According to multivariate logistic analysis, the procalcitonin/albumin ratio [adjusted odds ratio (OR) 1.029, 95 percent confidence interval (CI) 1.013-1.045, P<.001] was an independent predictor of urosepsis, allowing patients with febrile urinary tract infections to be distinguished. The procalcitonin/albumin ratio had an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.937 (95 percent CI, 0.894-0.980); P.001. The procalcitonin/albumin ratio cut-off values (>0.44) had a sensitivity of 84.62 percent and a specificity of 96.00 percent, respectively.Furthermore, in a sample of 65 patients with urosepsis, the procalcitonin/albumin ratio in the uroseptic shock group was greater than in the non-uroseptic shock group [5.46 (1.43, 6.58) vs 1.24 (0.63, 4.38); P =.009]. The procalcitonin/albumin ratio is an early diagnostic predictor that can distinguish between urosepsis and febrile urinary tract infection, according to our findings. Furthermore, patients with urosepsis who had greater procalcitonin/albumin ratios were more likely to develop uroseptic shock. Our findings indicate that the procalcitonin/albumin ratio is a quick and low-cost biomarker that can be employed in clinical practise.

Background:To determine the number of women with asymptomatic bacteriuria
(Group A) and the number of women with symptomatic bacteriuria (Group B) (Group
B). To identify the most common pathogenic organism in women with asymptomatic
bacteriuria. To compare the outcomes of pregnancies in groups A and B (maternal and
foetal morbidity).
Materials and Methods: Pregnant women visiting the antenatal clinic of the Department
of Obstetrics and Gynecology in Govt Medical College/General Hospital Suryapet for
the first time in 20 weeks to 36 weeks were the subjects of this prospective study.
Results: The study included 250 pregnant women starting at 20 weeks of gestation.
Urine culture and sensitivity testing were performed to check for asymptomatic
bacteriuria. Asymptomatic bacteriuria was found in 8.8 percent of the study population.
E.Coli was the most common pathogen, accounting for 63.63 percent of all cases.
Asymptomatic bacteriuria was associated with increased maternal morbidity (18.18
percent ). Those who did not have asymptomatic bacteriuria had lower morbidity (9.1
percent ). Fetal morbidity was higher (21.4 percent) in kids whose mothers had
asymptomatic bacteriuria than in those whose mothers did not have silent bacteriuria
(9.3 percent ). Preterm labour was the most prevalent maternal morbidity (18.18
percent), while low birth weight was the most common foetal morbidity (18.18 percent ).
There was no maternal or foetal death.