European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Background: Conversion disorder is defined by the presence of deficits affecting the voluntary motor or sensory functions lacking any known neurological cause. It occurs as response to any underlying stressful situation. It is clinically important to evaluate the presence, type, and temporal relation of the stressors, resulting in conversion especially among children. The objective of this study was to study the socio-demographic and clinical profile of conversion disorder in children and attempt to identify the stressors in these children.

Background: Multi-drug resistant tuberculosis cases are due to delayed tuberculosis services, mismanagement of drug resistance TB treatment and social stigma of TB. There are many socio-demographic factors associated with MDR TB infection such as poverty, overcrowding, illiteracy, lack of awareness and substance abuse etc. Aim was to study the socio-demographic profile of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis patients.
Methods: We did one year descriptive study from January 2020 to December 2020 in three district of Himachal Pradesh, Solan, Hamirpur, Bilaspur. Primary data was collected through pilot survey, personal interviews, questionnaires filled up by 118 confirmed MDR TB patients.
Results: Out of 118 patients MDRTB was more in males around 70.3% than females which is around 29.7%. MDR TB patients between age group 16 years to 45 years were 57%. Patient’s educational status showed that 52.5% had primary or lesser level of education. The socioeconomic profile of the patients showed that more than 80% (98) patients were from the lower income group i.e. below 10,000 rupees per month. Around 54.2% patients were from large families with family member’s ≥ 5 and with inadequate living room ventilation. Most of MDRTB patients around 69% have no previous history of TB. In our study, 44% patients were consuming tobacco, whereas 40.6% were taking alcohol.
Conclusion: MDR-TB is a rapidly increasing health problem with major socio-economic and individual consequences. At present our program priority is to formulate result oriented, definite policies and their strict implementations.

Background: Non-communicable disease (NCD) is a medical condition of non-infectious and non-transmissible nature. NCDs may be chronic diseases of long duration and slow progression. This study was carried out to assess the socio-demographic profile and risk factors of non-communicable diseases using WHO stepwise approach among adults.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among 400 adults during the period from 1st September 2015 to 31st August 2016. Study tools included a WHO stepwise approach questionnaire, Sphygmomanometer, weighing scale, non-stretchable tape and stethoscope. The data was entered and tabulated in MS-Excel 2007 and statistical analysis was performed by using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS 22.0) and p<0.05 is considered as statistical significance.
Results: Majority belonged to 50-59 years, of which 280 (70%) were illiterates. About 319(79.8%) were married, most of them resided in nuclear families with 350 (87.5%).Many were engaged in unskilled labor mainly agricultural activities with 196(49%) and unemployment 113(28.3%). Majority was from upper lower class, followed by lower class.
Conclusion: Proportion of tobacco smoking among the study participants was 123(30.8%) in which 118(29.5%) were males and the association between smoking and gender was statistically significant. Alcohol use (59.5%) which was high among the rural population of Wardhanapet, in which males consume more amount of alcohol than females and these difference present at significant levels. Overall physical activity is high among the study participants as heavy workers were found to be (28.8%) and these differences with gender were present at significant level.