European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

This study examined the visual portrayal of the Semenyih by-election campaign in Malaysia on 2nd March 2019. With the assistance of Rodriguez & Dimitrova (2011) model, two printed mainstream newspapers were selected for this research: 1) Berita Harian; 2) The Star. Main objective of this research is to identify the visual framing of election campaign during the campaign period and it were measured through few variables such as slants of visuals, placement or location of visuals, theme and messages portrayed by visuals, caption focus and the stand of visuals. This study was conducted starting from the nomination day on the 16 February 2019 until the election day. Through content analysis method, each visual from n=88 census, was coded based on mentioned variables. Data was measured through descriptive statistics and inferential analysis. Major finding revealed that most of the visuals were slanted to party and government team in Berita Harian dailies compared to The Star; focused on election information. Findings also figure out few differences between selected two dailies. This study contributes to a several lack of visual framing research during election period.

This paper presents the relevant aspects of marketing research on soft and transdermal drugs on the market of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
A structured content analysis of soft and transdermal drugs was carried out by comparing quantitative and qualitative characteristics according to the criteria: dosage form, pharmacotherapeutic group, origin, far-abroad countries, CIS countries, domestic.
Revealed a relatively greater number of registered drug forms ointments, suppositories. It is shown that antifungal agents of domestic producers 7.8%, CIS countries –9.4%, foreign manufacturers 9.8% prevail on the market; antiseptic - domestic - 16.3%, CIS - 7.6%, foreign - 3.2%; anti-inflammatory domestic production is 19.2%, CIS-11.17%, foreign 32.8%.
A not small list of pharmacotherapeutic groups of ointments is known due to poor absorption, old technologies lose their relevance. Gels have replaced, and what is relevant for the development and introduction into domestic production of new or well-known drugs in the form of gels.
In the territory of the republic, gels are mainly registered and used abroad (36%), when domestic manufacturers produce only 5% of the soft drugs produced. Gels are of particular interest because of their structural, mechanical, and physical properties.
It should also be noted that some pharmaceutical groups, such as immunosuppressants, drugs for the treatment of eryctile dysfunction, hepatoprotectors, androgens and its synthetic analogues, drugs that promote normal scarring, corticosteroids account for a small% and are registered only by foreign manufacturers, and then in a small amount i.e. not registered in the CIS countries and domestic manufacturers.
The results indicate the feasibility of further research to assess the prospects of creating and introducing new topical drugs, in the form of soft drugs (gels, suppositories), new and a combination of those already produced by domestic manufacturers.