European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Aim: The aim of the investigation is to establish soft tissue cephalometric norms for orthognathic surgery in the population of Kerala and to compare the values obtained with Legan and Burstone soft tissue cephalometric analysis.
Materials and methods: Lateral cephalometric radiographs were taken for a total of 100 subjects (50 males and 50 females) of age group 18- 25 years, selected according to the inclusion criteria. All lateral cephalometric films were traced digitally and Legan and Burstone analysis was done using Nemoceph NX Orthodontic Cephalometric Software (version 6). The values obtained were statistically analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS 16.0) and tabulated. The change in the values of different parameters were compared with the standard values of Legan and Burstone soft tissue analysis.
Results: The study revealed almost all the values as statistically significant hence necessitating the importance of this study. The norms are discussed under facial form and lip position.When the values derived for facial form from Kerala population was compared with original Caucasian norms all the values obtained were found to be significant except lower vertical height depth ratio with a highly significant difference for vertical height ratio and lower face- throat angle. When the lip position and form was compared with the Caucasian norms, all the values were significant except the vertical lip- chin ratio with highly significant values for the upper lip protrusion, lower lip protrusion, mentolabial sulcus, maxillary incisor exposure and inter labial gap. Thus a different set of soft tissue cephalometric norms was necessary for Kerala population which can aid the clinicians for diagnosis and treatment planning and the present study has formed a norm which could be used for future reference for patients undergoing orthognathic surgery.
Conclusion: COGS (Cephalometrics for Orthognathic surgery) can be used as the cephalometric norms for orthognathic surgery across the world in order to know the variation from normal and to bring these values to normal or near normal by orthognathic surgery.
Clinical significance: This present study has helped to form a new norm for this population for orthognathic surgery using COGS (Cephalometrics for Orthognathic surgery) which could be useful in future for knowing the variation from normal and to bring these values to normal or near normal by orthognathic surgery.

The aim of the present study was to establish the Tweed’s parameters for South Indian
population. A study of 70 South Indian young adults (35 males and 35 females) within age range
of 18-28 years with acceptable profile and occlusion were selected for the study and assessed using
Tweed’s analysis. The three angular parameters of Tweed’s analysis, Frankfort Mandibular plane
angle (FMA), Frankfort Mandibular Incisal Angle (FMIA) and Incisor Mandibular plane angle
(IMPA) for the South Indian population was measured and found to be 23.1, 57.1 and 99.8 degree
respectively.
Significant difference was seen among young adult South Indian population and Caucasian
values of Tweeds diagnostic triangle. There was a difference in between the mean values of FMA
and FMIA among male and female South Indian population and the IMPA did not show any
difference.