European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Context: Hysterectomy is the surgical removal of the uterus and is the most common major
gynaecological surgical procedure performed worldwide.
Aims: To study the incidence and distribution of various types of pathologies in the
hysterectomy specimens in the population studied.
Methods and Material: A total of 500 cases were studied. The study material was obtained
from patients’ hospitals that underwent hysterectomy and also specimens sent from nearby
private or government
Results: Among various significant pathologies, benign accounted for 95.7% of lesions while
malignant for 4.3% of lesions. Among benign lesions, adenomyosis was commonest with 203
(136 isolated + 67 with leiomyoma) cases and it was most common in 41-50 years age group.
Leiomyoma was next common with 183 (116 isolated + 67 with adenomyosis) cases and it
was also most common in 41-50 years age group. 67 (13.4%) cases had both leiomyoma and
adenomyosis. CIN1 or LSIL accounted for 15 cases, serous cystadenoma of ovary for 12
cases, endometrial polyp for 12 cases, mature cystic teratoma of ovary for 8 cases,
endocervical polyp for 9 cases, cervical leiomyoma for 6 cases, mucinous cystadenoma for 3
cases, placenta accreta for 3 cases, simple endometrial hyperplasia without atypia for 2 cases,
infected decidua for 2 cases, CIN2/CIN3 or HSIL for 2 cases, adult granulosa cell tumour for
2 cases, endometriosis of ovary for 2 cases, broad ligament leiomyoma for 2 cases, acute
salpingitis for 1 case, endometriosis of fallopian tube for 1 case, complete hydatidiform mole
for 1 case, invasive hydatidiform mole for 1 case and adenomatoid tumour of myometrium
for 1 case. Among malignant lesions, carcinoma of cervix was commonest with 11 cases,
followed by carcinoma of ovary with 7 cases and carcinoma of endometrium with 3 cases.

Aim: To analyze the clinical presentation and histopathological types of ovarian malignancies.
Material and methods: A Prospective hospital based observational study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at VIMS, Dahanu for the period of 1.5 years. Total 100 cases of ovarian tumours were included in this study. The tumours were cut and allowed to fix in 10% formalin for 24-48 hours. After formalin fixation, multiple bits were taken for histopathological examination. The blocks were cut at 3-5 microns thickness and stained with Haematoxylin and Eosin. Detailed microscopic examination of the tumour was done.
Results: Out of 100 cases of ovarian tumours, 71 were benign, 6 were tumours of low malignant potential and 23 were malignant. The youngest patient was 12 months and the oldest was 67 years forming a range of 18 months to 67 years. Highest incidence of ovarian tumour was noted in the 40-50years 38cases out of 100 cases accounting for 38%. Highest incidence of benign ovarian tumour was noted in 30-40 years 26 cases out of 71 accounting for 36.62%. Highest incidence of malignant tumour was noted in the 40-50years 12 out of 23 cases accounting for 52.17%. 37% of the patients complained of dull aching lower abdominal pain, 24% complained of abdominal mass and 6% of the patients gave history of menstrual disturbance like menorrhagia. Urinary disturbances were found in 5% patients with tumours. Out of 100 patients 9 patients were not married and all were below twenty years of age. Among married, 83were parous and remaining were 8 nulliparous. Out of 100 cases of ovarian tumors, 29 were associated with appendicitis and 14 were associated with uterovaginal prolapse.
Conclusion: The ovarian tumors manifest a complex and varied spectrum of clinical, morphological and pathological features. Correlating the clinical parameters and categorizing the tumors according to the WHO classification help us in coming to an early diagnosis, management and hence in the prognosis of ovarian tumors.

Background: Tumours of the ovary are common forms of neoplasms in women. The pathology of ovarian neoplasms is one of the most complex areas of gynaecology, because the ovary gives rise to the greater and larger variety of tumours than any other organ. While in other organs, tissue of origin is usually clear, tissue from which an ovarian tumour arises is often uncertain and most of the development of the presumptive tissue is often in disparity.
Objectives: To determine the nature of ovarian masses presented to Department of Pathology, CIMS during the last 2 years.
Methodology: The present retrospective record based observational study was conducted by the department of Pathology from March 2022 to May 2022 from the data of the patients from the records from January 2019 to December 2021. All the specimen obtained in the Department of Pathology for Histopathological examination during the study period from the patients diagnosed with ovarian lesion in the hospital were included for the study.
Results: In the present study majority (29%) of them belonged to 30 to 40 years of age, 23% of them were aged less than 20 years. In the present study 65% of them complained of Mass per abdomen, 40% of them had pain in abdomen, 10% had ascites, 9% had menstrual irregularities, 5% had infertility related issues and 5% of them were asymptomatic in nature. The highest incidence of Benign tumor was seen in the age group of 30 to 40 years (32.5%), in the age group of less than 20 years it was 25.9%. The Malignant tumor was found to be more common those aged more than 40 years with 26% of them in 40 to 50 years of age, 21.7% of them in 50 to 60 years of age.
Conclusion: In conclusion, a variety of clinical factors, including the patient's age, presenting symptoms, the location and size of the lump and the histological type of the ovarian tumour, are all connected. All of these clinical and histomorphological characteristics, as well as cutting-edge, more modern diagnostic techniques like immunohistochemistry and morphometric analysis, can aid in early diagnosis, the planning of a course of therapy and prognostic information.

The ovaries are unique in the variety of lesions that can arise from them. The complex anatomy and physiology of ovary with constant changes from puberty to menopausal age give rise to number of different cells, which are capable of giving rise to tumors. The present study is a two years, prospective study carried out in a tertiary care hospital. It is a descriptive study which included all specimens of ovarian tumors, diagnosed as surface epithelial origin on histopathological studies. Most patients presented with non-specific and vague symptoms over a period of time. Patient’s education and awareness among primary care physicians with timely attention and further investigations, can help in early detection of ovarian malignancies in this subset of cases, thereby reducing morbidity and mortality associated with diagnosis in advanced stages.