Online ISSN: 2515-8260

Treatment of Oral Lichen Planus with Intra-lesional Steroid Injection: Comprehensive Overview

Main Article Content

Marwa Tarek Mohamed Ali Elsherif1 ,Sahar Mohamed Abd El fattah Al Mokadem2 , Kamal Ahmed El khashishy3 ,Mohamed Ibrahim EL-GhareebEL. Ganainy

Abstract

Background:Oral lichen planus is a T-cell-mediated chronic inflammatory oral mucosal disease of unknown etiology. These lesions contain few B-cells or plasma cells and minimal deposits of immunoglobulin or complement. There are no consistent serological changes associated with OLP.It predominantly occurs in adults older than 40 years, although younger adults and children can be affected. It affects women more than men in a ratio of 1.4:1. The disease affects 1-2% of the population and there is no racial predilection.It presents as white striations, white papules, white plaques, erythema, erosions, or blisters affecting predominantly the buccal mucosa, tongue, and gingivae and it is the most common non-infectious oral mucosal disease in patients referred to oral medicine and oral pathology clinics.Lesions are usually bilateral, and atrophic and erosive lesions are often sensitive or painful. There may be co-incident skin lesions that present typically as flat-topped violaceous papules affecting the wrists, ankles, and genitalia. There is ongoing concern that OLP may be premalignant. In patients who do not use tobacco products, squamous cell carcinoma may arise at the site of a pre-existing OLP lesion in less than five percent of cases, most frequently in atrophic, erosive, and plaque lesions. Hence, OLP patients are at slightly increased risk of oral cancer, although it is unlikely that OLP is inherently pre-malignant.The most commonly used group of drugs for the treatment of OLP, they have the ability to modulate inflammation and immune response. They act by reducing the lymphocytic exudate and stabilizing the lysosomal membrane. Topical mid-potency corticosteroids such as triamcinolone acetonide (TA), high-potent fluorinated corticosteroids such as fluocinonide acetonide, disodium betamethasone phosphate, and more potent halogenated corticosteroids such as clobetasol are used based on the severity of the lesion. The greatest disadvantage in using topical corticosteroids is their lack of adherence to the mucosa for a sufficient length of time

Article Details