Background:Inflammatory bowel disease is a chronic inflammation of gastro- intestinal tract (GIT), it include two forms, Ulcerative Colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease. Including ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), are chronic inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal tract that begin most commonly during adolescence and young adulthood. In patients with IBD, host genetic, environmental, and microbial influences converge and result in a dysregulated mucosal immune response against the commensal intestinal microbiota. Cellular receptors in the innate immune system are fundamental and recognize pathogenic molecules to trigger immune responses. Additionally, some toll-like receptor (TLR) polymorphisms/mutations have been identified and directly linked to IBD. Genetic alterations of these receptors might change the composition of microbiota in the gut. Therefore, receptors of the innate immune system, such as TLRs, impact many aspects of IBD etiology, including immune responses, genetics, and microbiota