Abstract. At present, all over the world, the problem of increasing the antibiotic resistance of pathogenic microorganisms is very urgent. More and more complex mechanisms of antibiotic resistance of microorganisms are being deciphered, which creates prerequisites for the search for new antibiotic substances from natural sources. One such poorly studied source is endophytic fungi synthesizing biologically active compounds of various structures and biological effects. The potential for use in medicine, pharmaceutical and agricultural practice of fungal endophytic metabolites is very rich and has not yet been fully studied. The endemicity of plants in some regions of Uzbekistan, combined with a sharply continental climate, determines the unique biodiversity of endophytic fungi of medicinal plants. For the first time, researchers (prof. T.G Gulyamova at al.) picked out more than 200 strains of endophytic fungi from 30 medicinal plants growing in various ecological niches on the territory of the republic, and studied their antimicrobial and anticarcinogenic potential.