Background: Intensive care unit (ICU) consumes large amount of resources to manage critically ill patients. It is important to evaluate the Patients' characteristics, occupancy rate and quality of performance of the emergency ICU at Zagazig University Hospital, Egypt for optimization of resource allocation. Patients and Methods: We analyzed the Patients' characteristics (Age, sex and the primary diagnosis at ICU admission), occupancy rate and quality of performance [length of stay (LOS), premature discharge, early readmission and mortality rate] of our emergency ICU between the 1st of May to 31st of October, 2018. Results: The number of the admitted patients during the study period was 328. These admitted patients were 179 (54.6%) males and 149 (45.4%) females and their mean age of the patients was 62.54±11.73 years. The admitted patients were 135(41.2%) surgical cases and 193 (58.8%) medical cases. The overall mean occupancy rate was 92.6 %. The overall mean LOS was 224.4±71.57 hours. The overall premature discharge rate was 19.81%. The overall early readmission rate was 26.23%. The overall mortality rate was 38.41%. Conclusion: This study revealed that: 1. The characters of the admitted patients to Emergency ICU at Zagazig University Hospital were as the following: 54.6% of them were males and 45.4% of them were females, their mean age was 62.54±11.73 years and 41.2% of them were surgical cases and 58.8% of them were medical cases. 2. Occupancy rate was high (92.6 %). 3. Bad quality of performance because of the relatively prolonged LOS, the relatively higher rates of premature discharge, early readmission and mortality.